AI in Urban Planning: Beneficial Yet Risky

Published Date : 09/06/2025 

New research suggests that large language models like OpenAI's ChatGPT can significantly enhance urban planning, but experts warn of potential job losses and ethical concerns. 

Artificial intelligence (AI) could be the perfect tool for planning the cities of the future and increasing productivity, but experts caution that it could come at a price. New peer-reviewed research published in Nature Cities has found that large language models (LLMs) could assist urban planners in various tasks, from serving as a database for local data and planning knowledge to drafting reports.

Some experts say that while the adoption of this new technology could boost productivity in urban planning, it could also lead to job losses. Lead author Dr. Xinyu Fu, a researcher in urban planning from the University of Waikato, explored how LLMs such as OpenAI's ChatGPT could be used in urban planning. When working on the research, Dr. Fu spoke to several planners about their workflow and found that a significant amount of time was spent on administrative tasks, such as interpreting policy documents, assessing development, and analyzing public submissions. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS): 

Q: What are the main benefits of using AI in urban planning?

A: The main benefits include increased productivity, faster data analysis, and the ability to focus on more strategic and community-oriented tasks.

Q: What are the potential risks of AI in urban planning?

A: Potential risks include job losses, bias in decision-making, and the need for human intervention in complex, subjective decisions.

Q: How is the Australian government addressing the productivity issue in urban planning?

A: The Australian government has flagged productivity as a key economic issue and is exploring the use of AI to enhance efficiency in urban planning.

Q: What steps has the Planning Institute of Australia (PIA) taken regarding AI in planning?

A: The PIA has provided a guidance note for planners to understand the opportunities and risks associated with AI and has identified AI as one of the four drivers of change for planners.

Q: What role should the government play in regulating AI in urban planning?

A: Professor Toby Walsh believes the federal government should take a leading role in regulating AI to ensure it aligns with national interests and public expectations. 

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